【禁聞】美研發地下互聯網對抗獨裁者封鎖

【新唐人2011年6月15日訊】美國《紐約時報》報導，美國政府正加緊出錢出力，研發專供手機及電腦使用的「地下互聯網」，幫助外國異見人士能繞過政府審查，傳遞信息，打破網絡封鎖。大陸互聯網專家對於這項努力表示歡迎，不過也建議美國政府通過資助民間專業人士，採用更加大眾化的互聯網反封鎖技術。

據《紐約時報》引述官員的話說，美國這項秘密計劃，包括在外國國內架設獨立的手機網絡，以及「行李箱互聯網」。這個資助200萬美元研發的裝置，看起來好像普通行李箱，但可以利用特製軟件，很快建立覆蓋大範圍的無線網絡，並跟全球網絡接通。

據報導，這種「行李箱互聯網」系統，依靠無線網狀網絡技術，能藉助參與者的手機或個人電腦，建立一個隱形地下無線網絡﹔每部手機或無線裝置，只要裝上特製軟件，就能充當「迷你發射塔」，將信號傳送給其他手機流動裝置。

曾經擔任《信息產業報》總編的大陸互聯網專家王俊秀，也是「互聯網實驗室」的創辦人之一，他對於美國政府「反封鎖」的努力表示歡迎，但表示，目前大陸民眾大量使用的還是翻牆軟件，比如「無界」和「自由門」。

王俊秀（《互聯網週刊》執行總編）： 「但是我覺得他們投入的力度好像還不太夠，第二個我們還沒有看到實際的效果。當然他這個方向我覺得是值得肯定的。」

曾先後擔任《中公網》執行長、雅虎中國總經理，以及《一起網》執行長的大陸互聯網專家謝文：認為，使用設備突破網路封鎖太昂貴，不能夠普及。他認為，通過開發軟件在互聯網上直接突破封鎖更為有效。

謝文表示，「無界」和「自由門」是這個技術的代表，但是可能由於資金和技術的不足，最近常常不好用。謝文建議美國政府與其自行研發，不如大力資助民間的專業人士開發反封鎖技術，因為他們對互聯網更熟悉，對網民的需要更了解。

謝文（大陸互聯網專家）：「我原來以為他們很高級，能夠直接走互聯網，用甚麼高招就可以把那些封鎖給打破。完全不是。還是要做設備。那個不太可能大規模普及的。肯定是「無界」、「自由門」這樣的好。硬體， 專業工具，那些東西都不可能大規模普及的。」

對於獨裁國家的網路封鎖，和西方國家的反封鎖之間，這場沒有硝煙的戰爭，誰終將勝利？王俊秀表示，互聯網本身的結構就是一個開放的結構，所以它在本質上是很難封鎖的。謝文認為，這是一場結局分明的戰爭。

謝文 ：「從道理上，從世界主流上，新科技互聯網帶來的對人類社會進步帶來的便利，肯定是佔主流的，是壓倒的，世界上也只有數得出來的幾個國家在搞網路封鎖，而且也不是絕對意義上的封鎖，除非像埃及那樣斷網，所以我不覺得這是一個勢均力敵的所謂虛擬戰爭。」

過去數十年，美國主要透過“美國之音”等媒體管道，向極權國家散播自由民主理念，之後開始發展網路軟件，幫助中國大陸等地在專制統治下的網民“翻牆”，躲避當局的封鎖﹔最新嚐試則著重於開發嶄新的通信途徑。

而《法新社》在稍早前曾經報導，法輪功組織研發的「全球互聯網自由聯盟」網絡翻牆軟件，在對付中國的網絡封鎖方面很有效，伊朗示威者在2009年發動反政府示威時，就曾使用過這種翻牆軟件。

新唐人記者秦雪 肖顔 採訪報導

“Internet In A Suitcase”

New York Times recently reported that

the US government is funding the development

of “underground” Internet for cell phones and PC』s

to help foreign dissidents bypass the censorship

of their governments. Chinese Internet experts

welcome these efforts, but also suggest

the US government use more popular

anti-Internet blockade technology by funding

the work of civilian network professionals.

New York Times quoted US official about

the project including separate cell phone networks

in foreign countries, and an “Internet in a suitcase."

Developed with a grant of USD2 million,

the ordinary-looking “suitcase” can be set up

quickly to allow wireless communications

over a wide area, with a link to the global Internet.

Relying on wireless network technology,

this “Internet suitcase" system can use cell phones

or PC』s to build an “underground” wireless network.

All wireless devices can act as "mini-towers”

to send signals to other mobile devices.

Ex-editor-in-chief of Information Industry newspaper,

Wang Junxiu, is one of the founders of Internet Lab.

He welcomed US anti-censorship efforts

but said the Chinese still mostly use software

to leap the Firewall, including Wujie and Freegate.

Wang Junxiu: “I don』t think they have put in

enough efforts. We haven』t seen tangible results.

I think this direction is worth recognition, of course.”

Ex-CEO of Yahoo China, Internet expert Xie Wen

believes that using devices to break blockades

is too expensive and cannot be popularized.

He thinks that developing software to directly

break Internet blockades is more effective.

Xie said, Wujie and Freegate are representatives

of this technology. However, due to lack of funding

and technology, they are lately difficult to use.

Xie Wen suggested to the US government that

instead of doing its own research and development,

it could fund the work of civilian professionals,

as they understand netizens』 needs better.

Who will win the battle between Internet censorship

of dictatorships and the anti-blockades West?

Wang said that as Internet has an open structure,

it is very difficult to be blocked.

Xie Wen thinks the outcome of the war is clear.

Xie Wen: “The convenience to human society

brought by Internet technology is overwhelming.

Only a few countries are censoring the Internet,

and it is not in an absolute sense of Internet closure,

unless the Internet was cut off, as in Egypt』s case.

So I don』t think this is a so-called “virtual war.』”

In the past few decades, via Voice of America

and other media, the US spread the values

of freedom and democracy to totalitarian countries.

The US then developed Internet software to help

netizens in authoritarian regimes, like China,

to "leap over the wall” and bypass the censorship.

Its latest efforts focus on new channels.

As per AFP, Global Internet Freedom Consortium,

which is organized by Falun Gong practitioners,

has developed effective anti-blockades』 software.

They are used not only by citizens in China,

but in 2009 Iranian protestors have used them too.

NTD reporter Qin Xue