【禁聞】中國改裝航母欲試水 外界反應不一

【新唐人2011年7月29日訊】中共國防部7月27號表示，一艘已經可以進行海上試航的航空母艦將用於科研、實驗和培訓。專家評論認為，中共改裝「航母」只在「軍事威懾力」方面有像徵意義。存在重大缺陷的「航母」先天不足，更像是軍事的面子工程。

今年6月，中共通過香港媒體透露軍方改建航空母艦的消息後，引起各方關注，國防部新聞發言人因此公開訊息。這也說明，1998年從烏克蘭購買的“瓦良格”號被改裝成中國的第一艘「航母」。國防部還說，中國的國防政策不會因為發展「航母」而改變。

不過，中共軍方的表態外界解讀不一。

《法新社》認為，中共當局有關「航母」用途的表態，是有意淡化中國「航母」的軍事威懾效應，以避免刺激不穩定的南海局勢。

中國長期與日本存在釣魚島主權爭議外，最近與越南和菲律賓等國，也出現南中國海區域歸屬問題的摩擦，氣氛一度緊張。

時事評論員文昭認為，中共的航空母艦在南中國海作用其實有限，而且，不是說有了航空母艦，南沙群島就回歸了。

文昭：“目前多數軍事專家對中共造航空母艦沒有太多的擔心，因為他要真正形成一個有效的戰鬥力可能需要10年。航空母艦實際作用不像外界想像的那麼大，第一，中國造的航空母艦不能馬上用，而且它受限制很多，它缺少本土外的軍需港口。第二，一艘航空母艦還不見得打得過人家。如果造的很多的話，國際社會又會制約他，不讓他用。”

文昭表示，中國模仿蘇聯老大哥的軍事發展路線，但為蘇聯的海軍贏得軍事大國地位的是「核潛艇」而不是「航空母艦」。中共發展「航母」實際上是給國際上看的，把它作為民族主義的一種圖騰，作為一個大國崛起的一個像徵。所以航空母艦更像是軍事上的面子工程。

文昭：“如果中國造核潛艇，一艘航空母艦的成本至少可以造三艘核潛艇，而且更實用。但是潛在水下的核潛艇和浮在水面上的航空母艦，遠洋航空母艦這種龐然大物更加適合做民族主義的圖騰，用來凝聚士氣。”

香港《東方日報》也以“畏畏縮縮建航母 戰戰兢兢稱大國”為題，對中共國防部的發言發表了評論。文章寫到：“號稱國力全球第二的中國，連造一艘航空母艦尚且如此畏畏縮縮，無膽光明正大的打出旗號。”

其實，中共軍方一開始改裝烏克蘭的“瓦良格”號，就受到了質疑聲。

加拿大軍事評論員平可夫就認為，“瓦良格”本身設計存在巨大缺陷，中共海軍還複製上世紀70年代蘇聯的老舊設計，令人費解。

那麼，“瓦良格”號存在的巨大缺陷有哪些呢？

美國軍事專家埃克斯在《連線雜誌》撰文說，“瓦良格”航母艦載機編隊戰力不足，殲-15戰機遜於美軍F-18超級大黃蜂，而且還沒有先進的電子戰機、艦載運輸機和固定翼預警機﹔“瓦良格”航母的自我防衛能力也極其脆弱，缺少足量的潛艇和戰艦護航﹔更致命的是，中國一直沒有解決自行研製先進發動機的問題。

“瓦良格”號船齡已超過三十年，且通訊、電子系統為中共軍方重建，與最初自日本採購列車、再自行研發訊號等運行系統的高鐵情況相近。因此有網民說，希望中國航母能於萬無一失的情況下啟航，勿重演高鐵悲劇，以免再成國際笑話。

新唐人記者劉惠、宋風、王明宇採訪報導。

China Remodeled Aircraft Carrier

On July 27, the Ministry of National Defense of

the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) said that

an experimental aircraft carrier is being used for

scientific research and training.

Experts noted that the CCP remodeled the aircraft carrier

to show military might.

However, the carrier』s poor quality proved that

the CCP launched the carrier as a military “face project.”

The CCP released the news of its aircraft carrier remodeling

project in June 2011, via the Hong Kong media.

Later, China』s National Defense Department (NDD) spokesman

publicized the story,

noting that the Varyag, China』s first aircraft carrier,

was purchased from Ukraine in 1998.

The NDD also said that China』s national defense policy

will not be affected by the aircraft carrier.

However, there are different interpretations of

the NDD』s comments.

According to AFP, the CCP』s statement about the carrier

was an attempt to defuse its military significance,

to keep peace among

its neighbors in the South China Sea.

China not only has a long-standing sovereignty issue

with Japan regarding the Diaoyu Islands,

but also has similar issues in the South Chinese Sea

with Vietnam and the Philippines.

Current issue commentator Wen Zhao said that

the impact of the aircraft carrier is very limited.

Also, there is no guarantee that China can successfully defend

its sovereignty claims over the Spratly Islands with the carrier.

Wen Zhao: Most military experts are not worried

about this aircraft carrier.

It』s been said that it could take another 10 years of work

to make the carrier combat-worthy.

The aircraft carrier is in fact less powerful than it seems.

Firstly, Chinese-made aircraft carriers cannot be put to use

right away, as there is no munitions port outside of China.

Secondly, with one aircraft carrier in its arsenal,

China』s navy is less likely to gain a military advantage.

If the CCP produces more of these carriers,

the international community will strongly object.

Wen Zhao says the CCP is following

the same military strategy as the former Soviet Union did.

However, the latter gained its global military advantage by

employing the nuclear submarine, not an aircraft carrier.

The CCP wants to show off its growing military strength

with this aircraft carrier, thus fostering China』s nationalism.

The carrier is more of a prestige project.

Wen Zhao:

“It』s more pragmatic to make nuclear submarines,

knowing that one aircraft carrier costs three times

the price of a nuclear submarine.

A giant aircraft carrier can certainly help boost the morale

in China, more than an underwater submarine can.

Hong Kong』s Oriental Daily published the article,

“Hesitating Aircraft Carrier, Worrying Nation,”

which commented on the statement of

China』s National Defense Department statement.

The article said, “Enjoying the prestige of being called

the second most militarily powerful nation in the world,

China is fearful even when making an aircraft carrier.

The retrofitting of the Varyag by the CCP military

was called into question, right from the beginning.

Andrei Pinkov, a Canadian military critic, says that

the Varyag has massive innate design flaw issues.

Thus, it』s strange that China』s navy

would use an out-of-date Soviet-era vessel made in the 1970s.

What are some of the Varyag』s major design flaws?

The Wired magazine quoted U.S. military expert, Aix,

as saying that the Varyag has insufficient combat effectiveness.

China』s F-15 fighters are inferior to the U.S. F/A-18 Hornet.

Also they have no advanced electronic fighter jets,

carrier transport planes or fixed-wing AWACS.

Basically, the Varyag has a poor self-defense system,

with only a small fleet of submarines and warships.

What』s more,

China is unable to produce advanced engines.

The Varyag is a 30-year-old vessel with communication and

electronic systems that were rebuilt by the CCP.

It is similar to the CCP』s purchase of a high-speed Japanese

train, where the CCP developed its safety signal system.

Netizens taunted the CCP, saying that they hope China』s

aircraft carrier could set sail with a firm safety guarantee,

so as not to duplicate the tragedies of its high-speed trains.

NTD reporters Liu Hui, Song Feng and Wang Mingyu