【禁聞】“倒閉潮”懸頂珠三角

【新唐人2011年10月27日訊】受美國和歐洲經濟不景氣、中共政府宏觀調控導致的資金供給緊張等因素影響，幾個月來，珠三角的企業倒閉現象蔓延。中小型的傳統勞動密集型企業首當其衝，而高科技企業也無法置身事外，在完成2011年最後一批訂單後，「倒閉潮」可能一觸即發。

繼溫洲企業出現大規模倒閉潮之後，珠三角也陷入了危機，不少企業資金周轉不靈，又一次引發工人集體罷工，或是追討欠薪。

從這個月17號起，日本品牌手錶西鐵城（CTIZEN）在深圳的代工廠冠星精密錶鏈廠，有1178名員工因工資、社保、公積金等問題集體停工一週，要求資方支付相關經費。

而經營了22年的佛山市南海塑料龍頭企業「東方塑料製品有限公司」在今年8月突然倒閉，老闆孔泳其出走紐西蘭，上千名工人一夜之間失業。8月20號，工人們湧上金沙大橋，導致大橋堵塞長達一小時，直到當地政府答應發放工資。

東方塑料正像珠三角很多企業縮影。今年6月、7月，擁有2000多名員工的東莞定佳針織服裝、素藝玩具兩家公司連續倒閉。素藝玩具老闆拖欠巨額工人工資逃跑。7月26號，中山擁有1300多名員工的中合鞋廠也宣告停產，遣散全部員工。

據中財網報導，廣東中山三個鄉鎮每週都有一兩家企業靜悄悄的倒閉，多為中小加工廠。由於它們沒有品牌，沒有影響力，甚至有些企業根本沒有註冊，因此它們的倒閉破產從來沒有進入政府有關部門的視線。

香港中小企業聯合會會長劉達邦表示，最近五年珠三角都在走下坡，08年金融風暴，淘汰了3000－4000家企業，而目前的情況也不樂觀。

香港中小企業聯合會會長劉達邦：「全年保守估計，2011年有一千到兩千家港企停產，因為它倒閉需要一定的時間。雖然沒有金融風暴那時那麼傷，因為那時銀行是立即關水喉。08年是停單或者減單，今天是遲遲才下訂單，最大的困境就是沒單，訂單少了，生產成本上漲，人民幣升值，原材料上升，這些都是對生產造成一個很大的困局。」

中共政府宏觀調控導致的資金供給緊張造成企業流動增加，也給地方政府帶來了困境。

香港中小企業聯合會會長劉達邦：「五年前已經開始鼓勵轉移轉型，這個中央下來省執行，但當然不是市，市不是很想你走，特別鎮，可能他們鎮的發展都是靠這些企業撐著，因為他沒有服務業，他們基本上沒有服務業，都是依賴這班廠家在這裡投產。」

原物料直線上漲，勞動成本也節節上升，這次珠三角倒閉潮，就有5萬家香港企業受到影響，預計到年底，有1000到2000家會歇業或倒閉。到底，有沒有解決辦法呢？

香港中小企業聯合會會長劉達邦：「解決辦法就是你開源節流，你想辦法拿訂單回來，你做些內銷。你外國訂單不夠的話你可以考慮做些內銷，做一部分的內銷，但你做內銷要小心……這個第一點，你沒賣之前要搞清楚稅務問題，第二點就是關於你賣給人，如果你直銷的話，你收了錢那就沒問題，但如果你要賒帳給人家的話，你就要小心你收不回來錢。」

據國內媒體的調查，4個月前，當「倒閉潮」傳言從溫州入侵珠三角的時候，雖然當時企業已經連聲叫苦，但中等以上規模企業的倒閉和停產，在珠三角還是孤立的個案。但目前，規模偏大、歷史相對久遠的企業接連倒閉和停產。而很多珠三角中小企業雖然都在苦苦硬撐，但隨著訂單量下降、成本上升等問題的加劇，在完成 2011年最後一批訂單後，一觸即發的「倒閉潮」將是政府和企業不得不面對的最嚴酷的現實。

新唐人記者梁珍、尚燕、柏妮採訪報導。

Business Closures Skyrocket In Peale River Delta

Business failures are quickly spreading in the Pearl River Delta,

sparked by the economic downturn in the U.S. and Europe

and the Chinese Communist Party』s (CCP) macro-control

of the money supply in China, over the past few months.

The traditional labor-intensive small and medium enterprises

will be the first to be affected, with high-tech companies to follow.

After completing the last batch orders in 2011, business closures

may be imminent.

Following the large-scale business closures in Wenzhou,

businesses in the Pearl River Delta also experienced a crisis.

Many companies don』t have an adequate cash flow,

triggering strikes, and often times, wage claims.

On October 17, at the Crown Star Precision Bracelet factory

in Shenzhen, which makes the Japanese brand Citizen watches,

1,178 employees stopped working for one week,

due to issues relating to wages, social security, provident funds,

and others, including asking employers to pay related expenses.

The 22-year-old Foshan city plastics company,

Eastern Plastics Co., Ltd. suddenly closed its doors on August 2011.

When its main boss, Kong Yongqi, escaped to New Zealand,

thousands of workers became unemployed overnight.

On August 20, workers occupied the Sands Bridge,

leading to a one-hour traffic jam until the local government agreed to pay the workers their wages.

Eastern Plastics Co., Ltd is a microcosm of many companies

in China.

In June and July, the Dongguan Dingjia Knitwear and

Suyi Toys, which once employed over 2,000 workers, closed down, one after the other.

The main boss of Suyi Toys escaped since he owed a huge

amount of wages to his workers.

On July 26, the Zhonghe Shoe Factory,

which employed 1,300 workers, suddenly stopped their operation and dismissed all of their workers.

According to three townships in Zhongshan,

one or two mostly small and medium plants,

quietly close down their operations every week,

Since some companies do not produce brand name products,

lack influence, or are not state registered companies,

they quietly collapse into bankruptcy

hardly bringing attention to themselves from

relevant state and city departments.

Liu Dabang, director of the Hong Kong Federation

of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME),

had recently said in the past five years,

the Pearl River Delta economy had been declining.

The 2008 financial crisis eliminated 3,000 to 4,000 companies,

and the current situation is not looking optimistic either.

Liu Dabang, director of the Hong Kong Federation of SME:

"A conservative estimate of 1,000 to 2,000 Hong Kong enterprises

would go out of business, though it is not as serious as

in a financial crisis where a bank would immediately cut

the water supply of the business

In 2008, orders were cancelled; today orders are slow.

The greatest problem is no orders.

With less orders, production costs increase.

Then the companies have to deal with the RMB appreciation

and the rising cost of raw materials, which all directly effect production costs."

The CCP』s macro-control over the economy has caused

a shortage in cash supply, causing increased tensions

in mobility of enterprises, and bringing hardships

to local governments.

Liu Dabang: "Five years ago, the CCP had begun to

encourage a transfer of power from the Central Committee to province level officials.

But of course, the city doesn』t want these enterprises move out,

especially the town, where were propped up by these companies.

Because they did not have service business in the town, basically no,

their economy are all rely on these manufacturers or producers."

Raw materials and labor costs are continuously rising.

Due to the business closure trend in Pearl River Delta,

about 50,000 Hong Kong enterprises are affected.

This trend is expected to end in 2011.

About 1,000-2,000 businesses will go out of business or close down.

Is there any solution?

Liu Dabang: "The solution is to increase income, cut costs,

try to get orders in, and encourage domestic sales.

If foreign orders are not enough, then you can consider

going after domestic sales.

But you do have to be careful with domestic sales.

This is the first point: you have to figure out your tax issues.

The second point is: who do you sell to?

If you do charge them directly, there is no problem,

but if you credit them, be careful they will not pay you back."

According to a domestic media survey, four months ago,

When closure rumors flooded the Pearl River Delta from Wenzhou,

some companies often complained, but it was still rare

for medium size enterprises to close or stop production.

Recently, relative large and longstanding businesses failed,

one after another.

Many small and medium enterprises in the Pearl River Delta

held out in spite of their difficulties.

As orders declined and costs rose, after finishing the last batch

of orders in 2011,

the CCP regime and many enterprises have to face the fact

that many businesses will close their doors, forever.

NTD reporters Liang Zhen, Shang Yan and Bo Ni.